Second National Conference on Artificial Intelligence

David Waltz, Program Chair

August 18-20, 1982, Carnegie Mellon University / University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Published by The AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California. This proceedings is available in book and CD format.

Please Note: Abstracts are linked to individual titles, and will appear in a separate browser window. Full-text versions of the papers are linked to the abstract text. Access to full text may be restricted to AAAI members. PDF file sizes may be large!

Vision

The Role of Eye Position Information in Algorithms for Stereoscopic Matching / 1
K. Prazdny, Fairchild Instrument and Camera Corporation

Representing Smooth Plane Curves for Recognition: Implications for Figure-Ground Reversal / 5
D. D. Hoffman and W. A. Richards, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Why Perspective Is Difficult: How Two Algorithms Fail / 9
John R. Kender, Columbia University

Tracking Known Three-Dimensional Objects / 13
Donald B. Gennery, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

A Model Based Vision System for Recognition of Machine Parts / 18
Katsushi Ikeuchi and Yoshiaki Shirai, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan

Local Computation of Shape / 22
Alex Paul Pentland, SRI International

Edge Detection in Optical Flow Fields / 26
William B. Thompson, Kathleen M. Mutch, and Valdis Berzins, University of Minnesota

Modeling and Using Physical Constraints in Scene Analysis / 30
M. A. Fischler, S. T. Barnard, R. C. Bolles, M. Lowry, L. Quam, G. Smith, and A. Witkin, SRI International

Intensity-Based Edge Classification / 36
Andrew P. Witkin, Fairchild Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research

Segmentation of Images Into Regions Using Edge Information / 42
Gerard G. Medioni, University of Southern California

A Corner Finding Algorithm for Image Analysis and Registration / 46
J.-Q. Fang and T. S. Huang, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

A Systematic Approach to Continuous Graph Labeling With Application to Computer Vision / 50
M. D. Diamond, N. Narasimhamurthi, and S. Ganapathy, University of Michigan

Determining Surface Type from Surface Normals / 55
Paul Amaranth, Oakland University; William Jaynes, Wayne State University

Natural Language and Speech

Planning Natural-Language Utterances / 59
Douglas E. Appelt, SRI International

Argument Molecules: A Functional Representation of Argument Structure / 63
Lawrence Birnbaum, Yale University

ARGOT: The Rochester Dialogue System / 66
James F. Allen, Alan M. Frisch, and Diane J. Litman, The University of Rochester

Dividing Up the Question Answering Process / 71
Marc Luria, University of California, Berkeley

Salience as a Simplifying Metaphor for Natural Language Generation / 75
David D. McDonald and E. Jeffery Conklin, University of Massachusetts

Conceptual Dependency and Montague Grammar: A Step Toward Conciliation / 79
Mark A. Jones and David S. Warren, State University of New York at Stony Brook

Event Shape Diagrams / 84
D. L. Waltz, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

An Explanation for Minimal Attachment and Right Association / 88
Robert W. Milne, Air Force Institute of Technology

A Synthetic Approach to Temporal Information Processing / 91
Mark D. Grover, TRW Defense Systems

Word Sense and Case Slot Disambiguation / 95
Graeme Hirst and Eugene Charniak, Brown University

Word Learning With Hierarchy-Guided Inference / 99
David M. Keirsey, University of California, Irvine

Talking to UNIX in English: An Overview of UC / 103
Robert Wilensky, University of California, Berkeley

An Expert System for Interpreting Speech Patterns / 107
Renato De Mori, Attilio Giordano, and Lorenza Saitta, Universita di Torino; Pietro Laface, Istituto di Elettrotecnica Generale--CENS Politenico di Torino

Problem Solving and Search

A Search Procedure for Perfect Information Games of Chance: Its Formulation and Analysis / 111
Bruce W. Ballard, Duke University

Synchronization of Multi-Agent Plans / 115
Jeffrey S. Rosenschein, Stanford University

A General Paradigm for AI Search Procedures / 120
Dana S. Nau, Vipin Kumar, and Laveen Kanal, University of Maryland

Evaluating Search Methods Analytically / 124
Paul W. Purdom, Jr. and Cynthia A. Brown, Indiana University

Consistent-Labeling Problems and Their Algorithms / 128
Bernard Nudel, Rutgers University

Reverend Bayes on Inference Engines: A Distributed Hierarchical Approach / 133
Judea Pearl, University of California, Los Angeles

Diagnosis Based on Description of Structure and Function / 137
Randall Davis, Howard Shrobe, Walter Hamscher, Karen Wieckert, and Mark Shirley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Steve Polit, Digital Equipment Corp.

Unifying Data-Directed and Goal-Directed Control: An Example and Experiments / 143
Daniel D. Corkill, Victor R. Lesser, and Eva Hudlicka, University of Massachusetts

Knowledge Integration in Text Recognition / 148
Sargur N. Srihari and Jonathan J. Hull, State University of New York at Buffalo

Spatial and Temporal Reasoning in Geologic Map Interpretation / 152
Reid G. Simmons, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Job-Shop Scheduling: An Investigation in Constraint-Directed Reasoning / 155
Mark S. Fox, Brad Allen, Gary Strohm, Carnegie Mellon University

Heuretics: Theoretical and Experimental Study of Heuristic Rules / 159
Douglas B. Lenat, Stanford University

A Program That Learns to Solve Rubik’s Cube / 164
Richard E. Korf, Carnegie Mellon University

Experiential Learning in Analogical Problem Solving / 168
Jaime G. Carbonell, Carnegie Mellon University

Error Detection and Recovery in a Dynamic Planning Environment / 172
Blake Ward and Gordon McCalla, University of Saskatchewan

Scenarios as an Aid to Planning / 176
Rajendra S. Wall and Edwina L. Rissland, University of Massachusetts

A Framework for Distributed Problem Solving / 181
Dave McArthur, Randy Steeb, and Stephanie Cammarata, The Rand Corporation

PANDORA--A Program for Doing Commonsense Planning in Complex Situations / 185
Joseph Faletti, University of California, Berkeley

Knowledge Representation

Competence in Knowledge Representation / 189
Ronald J. Brachman and Hector J. Levesque, Fairchild Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research

Knowledge Representation Languages and Predicate Calculus: How to Have Your Cake and Eat It Too / 193
Charles Rich, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

A System for Reasoning About Time / 197
Marc B. Vilain, Bolt, Beranek & Newman

Circumscriptive Ignorance / 202
Kurt Konolige, SRI International

Modeling Motion with Qualitative Process Theory / 205
Kenneth D. Forbus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Getting the Envisionment Right / 209
Benjamin Kuipers, Tufts University

The QBKG System: Generating Explanations From a Non-Discrete Knowledge Representation / 213
Hans J. Berliner and David H. Ackley, Carnegie Mellon University

PLANT/ds Revisited: Non-Homogeneous Evaluation Schema in Expert Systems / 217
Carl T. Uhrik, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Inheritance of Statistical Properties / 221
Neil C. Rowe, Stanford University

Theorem Proving

Proof Methods in an Agenda-Based Natural-Deduction Theorem Prover / 225
Mabry Tyson, SRI International

A Nonclausal Connection-Graph Resolution Theorem-Proving Program / 229
Mark E. Stickel, SRI International

AI Languages and Software

Multiple Inheritance in Smalltalk-80 / 234
Alan H. Borning, University of Washington; Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center

GLISP: A High-Level Language for AI Programming / 238
Gordon S. Novak Jr., Stanford University

Specialized Architecture for AI

DADO: A Tree-Structured Machine Architecture for Production Systems / 242
Salvatore J. Stolfo and David Elliot Shaw, Columbia University

Cognitive Modeling

Toward Connectionist Parsing / 247
Steven Small, Gary Cottrell, and Lokendra Shastri, The University of Rochester

Why Do Children Misunderstand Reversible Passives? The CHILD Program Learns to Understand Passive Sentences / 251
Mallory Selfridge, University of Connecticut

Learning by Chunking: Summary of a Task and a Model / 255
Paul S. Rosenbloom and Allen Newell, Carnegie Mellon University

Route Finding in Street Maps by Computers and People / 258
R. J. Elliott and M. E. Lesk, Bell Laboratories

Plan Understanding, Narrative Comprehension, and Story Schemas / 262
William F. Brewer, University of Illinois

Affect Processing for Narratives / 265
Michael G. Dyer, Yale University

On Being Contradictory / 269
Margot Flowers, Yale University

The Role of Experience in Development of Expertise / 273
Janet L. Kolodner, Georgia Institute of Technology

Application Systems

Computer Systems and Engineering

Diagnosis Using Hierarchical Design Models / 278
Michael R. Genesereth, Stanford University

The CRITTER System: Analyzing Digital Circuits by Propagating Behaviors and Specifications / 284
Van E. Kelly and Louis 1. Steinberg, Rutgers University

IDT: An Intelligent Diagnostic Tool / 290
Hal Shubin and John Wade Ulrich, Digital Equipment Corporation

REACTOR: An Expert System for Diagnosis and Treatment of Nuclear Reactor Accidents / 296
William R. Nelson, EG&G Idaho Inc.

A CSA Model-Based Nuclear Power Plant Consultant / 302
W. E. Underwood, Georgia Institute of Technology

Knowledge/Databases

Knowledge Management: A Practical Amalgam of Knowledge and Data Base Technology / 306
Charles Kellogg, System Development Corporation

Removing Restrictions in the Relational Data Base Model: An Application of Problem Solving Techniques / 310
Laurent Siklossy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Jean-Louis Lauriere, Universite Paris Vl

RABBIT: An Intelligent Database Assistant / 314
Frederich N. Tou, Michael D. Williams, Richard Fikes, Austin Henderson, and Thomas Malone, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center

Expert Systems: A User’s Perspective of Some Current Tools / 319
Susan P. Ennis, Amoco Production Company

Building Expert Systems for Controlling Complex Programs / 322
Sholom Weiss, Casimir Kulikowski, Chidanand Apte, and Michael Uschold, Rutgers University; Jay Patchett, Robert Brigham, and Belynda Spitzer, Amoco Production Research

Frame-Based Computer Network Monitoring / 327
Lawrence A. Stabile, Prime Computer, Inc.

SWIRL: An Object-Oriented Air Battle Simulator / 33
Philip Klahr, David McArthur, and Sanjai Narain, The Rand Corporation1

Plan Recognition Strategies in Student Modeling: Prediction and Description / 335
Bob London and William J. Clancey, Stanford University

An Expert System that Volunteers Advice / 339
Jeff Shrager, Carnegie Mellon University; Tim Finin, University of Pennsylvania

SPEX: A Second-Generation Experiment Design System / 341
Yumi Iwasaki and Peter Friedland, Stanford University1

Medical

Information Acquisition in Diagnosis / 345
Ramesh S. Patil and Peter Szolovits, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; William B. Schwartz, M.D., Tufts University School of Medicine and New England Medical Center

Deep Versus Compiled Knowledge Approaches to Diagnostic Problem-Solving / 349
B. Chandrasekaran and Sanjay Mittal, The Ohio State University

Induction of Causal Relationships From a Time-Oriented Clinical Database: An Overview of the RX Project / 355
Robert L. Blum, Stanford University

User Participation in the Reasoning Processes of Expert Systems / 358
Martha E. Pollack, Julia Hirschberg, and Bonnie Webber, University of Pennsylvania

Toward a Learning of Object Models Using Analogical Objects and Verbal Instruction / 362
Norihiro Abe, Fumihide Itoh, and Saburo Tsuji, Osaka University

An Overview of ΦNIX / 367
David Barstow, Roger Duffey, Stephen Smoliar, and Stanley Vestal, Schlumberger-Doll Research

ARBY: Diagnosis with Shallow Causal Models / 370
Drew McDermott, Yale University; Ruven Brooks, ITT Integrated Systems Center

Graphical Animation from Knowledge / 373
Daniel Neiman, The University of Connecticut

Robotics

The CMU Rover / 377
Hans P. Moravec, Carnegie Mellon University

Solving the Find-Path Problem by Good Representation of Free Space / 381
Rodney A. Brooks, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Final Position Control in Planar Horizontal Arm Movements / 387
Jonathan Delatizky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Development of an Overall Direction-of-Action Sensor for Robots / 390
Tokuji Okada, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan

An Efficient Collision Warning Algorithm for Robot Arms / 394
E. Gordon Powell, Naval Surface Weapons Center

Stability of Automatic Guidance for a Mobile Robot / 396
L. Y. Shih, National Research Council of Canada

Efficient Minimum Information Updating for Bayesian Inferencing in Expert Systems / 424
John F. Lemmer and Stephen W. Barth, PAR Technology Corporation

The Role of Logic in Knowledge Representation and Commonsense Reasoning / 424
Robert C. Moore, SRI International

Foundations of Envisioning / 434
Johan de Kleer and John Seely Brown, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center