Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Sponsored by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
Tom Kehler and Stan Rosenschein, Program Cochairs
August 11-15, 1986 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Published by The AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California. This proceedings is also available in book and CD format.
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Contents
Science
Automated Reasoning
Reasoning with Simplifying Assumptions: A Methodology and Example / 2
Yishai Feldman and Charles Rich, MIT AI Laboratory
Tweety--Still Flying: Some Remarks on Abnormal Birds, Applicable Rules and a Default Prover / 8
Gerhard Brewka, Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung
Representing Actions with an Assumption-Based Truth Maintenance System / 13
Paul H. Morris and Robert A. Nado, IntelliCorp
Automatic Programming
Automatic Compilation of Logical Specifications into Efficient Programs / 21
Donald Cohen, University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute
Factual Knowledge for Developing Concurrent Programs / 26
Alberto Pettorossi, IASI CNR, and Andrzej Skowron, Warsaw University and University of North Carolina
Planning
Generalized Plan Recognition / 32
Henry A. Kautz and James F. Allen, University of Rochester
A Logic of Deliberation / 38
Marvin Belzer, University of Georgia
Physics for Robots / 44
James G. Schmolze, BBN Laboratories, Inc.
Cooperation without Communication / 51
Michael R. Genesereth, Matthew L. Ginsberg and Jeffrey S. Rosenschein, Stanford University
Incremental Planning to Control a Blackboard-based Problem Solver / 58
Edmund H. Durfee and Victor R. Lesser, University of Massachusetts
An Adaptive Planner / 65
Richard Alterman, University of California, Berkeley
The Representation of Events in Multiagent Domains / 70
Michael P. Georgeff, SRI International
Planning with Abstraction / 76
Josh Tenenberg, University of Rochester
Generating Perception Requests and Expectations to Verify the Execution of Plans / 81
Richard J. Doyle, David J. Atkinson and Rajkumar S. Doshi, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
A Representation of Action Structures / 89
Erik Sandewall and Ralph Ronnquist, Linkoping University
Qualitative Reasoning and Diagnosis
Order of Magnitude Reasoning / I00
Olivier Raiman, IBM Paris Scientific Center
Doing Time: Putting Qualitative Reasoning on Firmer Ground / 105
Brian C. Williams, MIT AI Laboratory
Interpreting Measurements of Physical Systems / 113
Kenneth D. Forbus, University of Illinois, Urbana
Commonsense Arithmetic Reasoning / 118
Reid Simmons, MIT AI Laboratory
A Reasoning Model Based on an Extended Dempster- Shafer Theory / 125
John Yen, University of California, Berkeley
Reasoning about Multiple Faults / 132
Johan de Kleer, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, and Brian Williams, MIT AI Laboratory
Plausibility of Diagnostic Hypotheses: The Nature of Simplicity / 140
Yun Peng and James A. Reggia, University of Maryland
Search
A Unified Theory of Heuristic Evaluation Functions and its Application to Learning / 148
Jens Christensen, Stanford University, and Richard Korf, University of California, Los Angeles
Choosing Directions for Rules / 153
Richard Treitel and Michael R. Genesereth, Stanford University
An Algorithmic Solution of N-Person Games / 158
Carol A. Luckhart and Keki B. Irani, University of Michigan
Making Best Use of Available Memory When Searching Game Trees / 163
Subir Bhattacharya and Amitava Bagchi, Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta
Finding a Shortest Solution for the N x N Extension of the 15-PUZZLE Is Intractable / 168
Daniel Ratner and Manfred Warmuth, University of California, Santa Cruz
Joint and LPA*: Combination of Approximation and Search / 173
Daniel Ratner and Ira Pohl, University of California, Santa Cruz
Learning While Searching in Constraint-Satisfaction-Problems / 178
Rina Dechter, Hughes Aircraft AI Center and University of California, Los Angeles
Theorem Proving
Query Answering in Circumscriptive and Closed-World Theories / 186
Teodor C. Przymusinski, University of Texas at El Paso
Indefinite and GCWA Inference in Indefinite Deductive Databases / 191
Lawrence J. Henschen and Hyung-Sik Park, Northwestern University
An Integration of Resolution and Natural Deduction Theorem Proving / 198
Dale Miller and Amy Felty, University of Pennsylvania
Parallel Logical Inference and Energy Minimization / 203
Dana H. Ballard, University of Rochester
Uncertainty and Expert Systems
A Framework for Comparing Alternative Formalisms for Plausible Reasoning / 210
Eric J. Horvitz, David E. Heckerman and Curtis P. Langlotz, Stanford University
Using Decision Theory to Justify Heuristics / 215
Curtis P. Langlotz, Edward H. Shortliffe and Lawrence M. Fagan, Stanford University
Causal and Plausible Reasoning in Expert Systems / 220
Gerald Shao-Hung Liu, Sentry/Schlumberger Corporation
Advances in Rete Pattern Matching / 226
Marshall I. Schor, Timothy P. Daly, Ho Soo Lee and Beth R. Tibbitts, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center
Bayesian Inference without Point Estimates / 233
Paul Snow, Hawthorne College
Implementation of and Experiments with a Variable Precision Logic Inference System / 238
Peter Haddawy, University of Illinois, Urbana
Multi-Valued Logics / 243
Matthew L. Ginsberg, Stanford University
Cognitive Modeling and Education
Editorial Comprehension in OpEd through Argument Units / 250
Sergio J. Alvarado, Michael G. Dyer and Margot Flowers, University of California, Los Angeles
Uniform Parsing and Inferencing for Learning / 257
Charles E. Martin and Christopher K. Riesbeck, Yale University
Mixing Binary and Continuous Connection Schemes for Knowledge Access / 262
Noel Sharkey, R. F. E. Sutcliffe, W. Wobcke, University of Essex
CHEF: A Model of Case-Based Planning / 267
Kristian J. Hammond, Yale University
The Structure-Mapping Engine / 272
Brian Falkenhainer, Kenneth D. Forbus and Dedre Gentner, University of Illinois, Urbana
SNePS Considered as a Fully Intensional Propositional Semantic Network / 278
Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport, SUNY Buffalo
A Quantitative Analysis of Analogy by Similarity / 284
Stuart J. Russell, Stanford University
Hypotheticals as Heuristic Device / 289
Edwina L. Rissland and Kevin D. Ashley, University of Massachusetts
Can a System Be Intelligent if It Never Gives a Damn? / 298
Thomas Edelson, Georgetown University
Debugging User Conceptions of Interpretation Processes / 303
M. J. Coombs and R. T. Hartley, New Mexico State University, and J. G. Stell, Manchester University
Imposing Structure on Linear Programming Problems: An Empirical Analysis of Expert and Novice Models / 308
Wanda Orlikowski and Vasant Dhar, New York University
Intelligent Tutoring Systems Based Upon Qualitative Model Evolutions / 313
Barbara Y. White and John R. Frederiksen, BBN Laboratories
An Analysis of Tutorial Reasoning about Programming Bugs / 320
David C. Littman, Jeannine Pinto and Elliot Soloway, Yale University
Knowledge Representation
Default Reasoning, Nonmonotonic Logics, and the Frame Problem / 328
Steve Hanks and Drew McDermott, Yale University
Inference in a Topically Organized Semantic Net / 334
Johannes de Haan and Lenhart Schubert, University of Alberta
On the Logic of Probabilistic Dependencies / 339
Judea Pearl, University of California, Los Angeles
A Four-Valued Semantics for Frame-Based Description Languages / 344
Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Schlumberger Palo Alto Research
On the Parallel Complexity of Some Constraint Satisfaction Problems / 349
Simon Kasif, The Johns Hopkins University
Primitives and Units for Time Specification / 354
Peter Ladkin, Kestrel Institute
Time Representation: A Taxonomy of Internal Relations / 360
Peter Ladkin, Kestrel Institute
A Representation for Collections of Temporal Intervals / 367
Bruce Leban, David D. McDonald and David R. Forster, University of Massachusetts
A Representation for Temporal Sequence and Duration in Massively Parallel Networks: Exploiting Link Interactions / 372
Hon Wai Chun, Brandeis University
Constraint Propagation Algorithms for Temporal Reasoning / 377
Marc Vilain, BBN Laboratories, and Henry Kautz, University of Rochester
Propagating Temporal Constraints for Scheduling / 383
Jean-Francois Rit, Laboratorie d'lnformatique Fondamentale et d'lntelligence Artificielle
Chronological Ignorance: Time, Nonmonotonicity, Necessity and Causal Theories / 389
Yoav Shoham, Yale University
A Comparison of the Commonsense and Fixed Point Theories of Nonmonotonicity / 394
Frank M. Brown, University of Kansas
The Logic of Persistence / 401
Henry A. Kautz, University of Rochester
Pointwise Circumscription: Preliminary Report / 406
Vladimir Lifschitz, Stanford University
A Viewpoint Distinction in the Representation of Propositional Attitudes / 411
John A. Barnden, Indiana University
Self-Reference, Knowledge, Belief, and Modality / 416
Donald Perlis, University of Maryland
Is Belief Revision Harder Than You Thought? / 421
Marianne Winslett, Stanford University
What Can Machines Know? On the Epistemic Properties of Machines / 428
Ronald Fagin, Joseph Y. Halpern and Moshe Y. Vardi, IBM Almaden Research Center
Learning
A Metalinguistic Approach to the Construction of Knowledge Base Refinement Systems / 436
Allen Ginsberg AT&T Bell Laboratories
Rule Refinement Using the Probabilistic Rule Generator / 442
Won D. Lee and Sylvian R. Ray, University of Illinois, Urbana
On Debugging Rule Sets When Reasoning Under Uncertainty / 448
David C. Wilkins and Bruce G. Buchanan, Stanford University
Discovering Functional Formulas through Changing Representation Base / 455
Mieczyslaw M. Kokar, Northeastern University
Selecting Appropriate Representations for Learning from Examples / 460
Nicholas S. Flann and Thomas G. Dietterich, Oregon State University
Optimal Allocation of Very Limited Search Resources / 467
David Mutchler, Naval Research Laboratory
Inductive Inference by Refinement / 472
P. D. Laird, Yale University
Preliminary Steps Toward the Automation of Induction / 477
Stuart J. Russell, Stanford University
Quantifying the Inductive Bias in Concept Learning (extended abstract) / 485
David Haussler, University of Denver
The FERMI System: Inducing Iterative Macro-Operators from Experience / 49
Patricia W. Cheng and Jaime G. Carbonell, Carnegie Mellon University0
A Case Study of Incremental Concept Induction / 496
Jeffrey Schlimmer and Douglas Fisher, University of California, lrvine
Beyond Incremental Processing: Tracking Concept Drift / 502
Jeffrey Schlimmer and Richard Granger, Jr., University of California, lrvine
Conceptual Clustering Using Relational Information / 508
Bernd Nordhausen, University of California, lrvine
Generating Predictions to Aid the Scientific Discovery Process / 513
Randy Jones, University of California, Irvine
Factorization in Experiment Generation / 518
Devika Subramanian and Joan Feigenbaum, Stanford University
A Case-Based Reasoning System for Subjective Assessment / 523
William M. Bain, Yale University
STAHLp: Belief Revision in Scientific Discovery / 528
Donald Rose and Pat Langley, University of California, lrvine
Not the Path to Perdition: The Utility of Similarity-Based Learning / 533
Michael Lebowitz, Columbia University
Constructing and Refining Causal Explanations from an Inconsistent Domain Theory / 538
Richard J. Doyle, MIT AI Laboratory
The Role of Prior Causal Theories in Generalization / 545
Michael Pazzani, Michael Dyer and Margot Flowers, University of California, Los Angeles
A Domain Independent Explanation-Based Generalizer / 551
Raymond Mooney and Scott Bennett, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Learning to Anticipate and Avoid Planning Problems through the Explanation of Failures / 556
Kristian J> Hammond, Yale University
Mapping Explanation-Based Generalization onto Soar / 561
Paul S. Rosenbloom, Stanford University, and John E. Laird, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
Learning by Failing to Explain / 568
Robert J. Hall, MIT AI Laboratory
Natural Language
Dynamically Combining Syntax and Semantics in Natural Language Processing / 574
Steven L. Lytinen, Yale University
Dual Frames: A New Tool for Semantic Parsing / 579
Jean-Louis Binot, lBM T. J. Watson Research Center and Daniel Ribbens, University of Liege
A Neat Theory of Marker Passing / 584
Eugene Charniak, Brown University
Using Commonsense Knowledge to Disambiguate Prepositional Phrase Modifiers / 589
Kathleen Dahlgren, IBM Los Angeles Scientific Center, and J. McDowell, University of Southern California
Beyond Exploratory Programming: A Methodology and Environment for Conceptual Natural Language Processing / 594
Philip Johnson and Wendy Lehnert, University of Massachusetts
Are There Preference Trade-offs in Attachment Decisions? / 600
Lenhart K. Schubert, University of Alberta
Comprehension-Driven Generation of Meta-Technical Utterances in Math Tutoring / 606
Ingrid Zukerman and Judea Pearl, University of California, Los Angeles
A Logical-Form and Knowledge-Base Design for Natural Language Generation / 612
Norman K. Sondheimer, University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute, and Bernhard Nebel, Technische Universitat Berlin
Understanding Plan Ellipsis / 619
Diane J. Litman, AT&T Bell Laboratories
Perception and Robotics
A Simple Motion Planning Algorithm for General Robot Manipulators / 626
Tomas Lozano-Perez, MIT AI Laboratory
Tactile Recognition by Probing: Identifying a Polygon on a Plane / 632
R. E. Ellis, Edward M. Riseman and Allen R. Hanson, University of Massachusetts
Abstraction and Representation of Continuous Variables in Connectionist Networks / 638
Eric Saund, MIT AI Laboratory
SIMD Tree Algorithms for Image Correlation / 645
Hussein A. H. Ibrahim, John R. Kender and David Elliot Shaw, Columbia University
On the Reconstruction of a Scene from Two Unregistered Images / 652
Harit P. Trivedi, GEC Research Limited
Depth and Flow From Motion Energy / 658
David J. Heeger, University of Pennsylvania and SRI International
Shape from Darkness: Deriving Surface Information from Dynamic Shadows / 664
John R. Kender and Earl M. Smith, Columbia University
3-D Motion Recovery from Time-Varying Optical Flows / 670
Kwangyoen Wohn and Jian Wu, Harvard University
A Stochastic Approach to Stereo Vision / 676
Stephen T. Barnard, SRI International
Determining the 3-D Motion of a Rigid Surface Patch without Correspondence, under Perspective Projection / 681
John (Yiannis) Aloimonos and Isidore Rigoutsos, University of Rochester
A Stereo Integral Equation / 689
Grahame B. Smith, SRI International
Parts: Structured Descriptions of Shape / 695
Alex P. Pentland, SRI International and Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University
Constraint-Theorems on the Prototypification of Shape / 702
Michael Leyton, Harvard University
Linear Image Features in Stereopsis / 707
Michael Kass, Schlumberger Palo Alto Research
Signal Matching through Scale Space / 714
Andrew Witkin, Demetri Terzopoulos and Michael Kass, Schlumberger Palo Alto Research
Engineering
AI and Education
Teaching a Complex Industrial Process / 722
Beverly Woolf, University of Massachusetts; Darrell Blegen, Johan H. Jansen and Arie Verloop, J. H. Jansen Company, Inc.
AI Language and Architectures
The Butterfly(TM) Lisp System / 730
Seth A. Steinberg, Don Allen, Laura Bagnall and Curtis Scott, BBN Laboratories
CIS: A Massively Concurrent Rule-Based System / 735
Guy E. Blelloch, MIT AI Laboratory
A Software and Hardware Environment for Developing AI Applications on Parallel Processors / 742
R. Bisiani, Carnegie Mellon University
Connection Machine Stereomatching / 748
Michael Drumheller, Thinking Machines Corporation
Merging Objects and Logic Programming: Relational Semantics / 754
Herve Gallaire, ECRC
Domains in Logic Programming / 759
P. Van Hentenryck and M. Dincbas, ECRC
Comments on Kornfeld’s Equality for Prolog: E-Unification as a Mechanism for Augmenting the Prolog Search Strategy / 766
E. W. Elcock and P. Hoddinott, University of Western Ontario
Applications
Saturn: An Automatic Test Generation System for Digital Circuits / 778
Narinder Singh, Stanford University
An Expert System for Chorale Harmonization / 784
Kemal Ebcioglu, SUNY Buffalo
A Rule-Based System for Document Understanding / 789
Debashish Niyogi and Sargur N. Srihari, SUNY Buffalo
Qualitative Simulation of Semiconductor Fabrication / 795
John Mohammed, Schlumberger Palo Alto Research, and Reid Simmons, MIT AI Laboratory
Knowledge-Based Simulation of a Glass Annealing Process: An AI Application in the Glass Industry / 800
Richard A. Herrod and Jeff Rickel, Texas Instruments
Plan Recognition for Airborne Tactical Decision Making / 805
Jerome Azarewicz, Glenn Fala, Ralph Fink and Christof Heithecker, Naval Air Development Center
Application of Knowledge Based Systems Technology to Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry / 812
Hal R. Brand and Carla M. Wong, Lawrence Livermore Lab.
Designing for Manufacturability in Riveted Joints / 820
A. R. Kilhoffer, Cincom Systems, Inc. , and K. G. Kempf, FMC Corporation
Design and Experimentation of an Expert System for Programming In-the-Large / 1155
Giovanni Guida, Marco Guida, Sergio Gusmeroli and Marco Somalvico, Milan Polytechnic Artificial Intelligence Project
A Graph-Oriented Knowledge Representation and Unification Technique for Automatically Selecting and Invoking Software Functions / 825
William F. Kaemmerer and James A. Larson, Honeywell Computer Sciences Center
SCAT: An Automatic-Programming Tool for Telecommunications Software / 831
S. Barra, O. Ghisio and F. Manucci, CSELT
PIES: An Engineers Do-lt-Yourself Knowledge System for Interpretation of Parametric Test Data / 836
Jeff Yung-Choa Pan and Jay M. Tenenbaum, Schlumberger Palo Alto Research
StarPlan II: Evolution of an Expert System / 844
Ronald W. Siemens, Marilyn Golden and Jay C. Ferguson, Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation
System Integration of Knowledge-Based Maintenance Aids / 851
Christopher Powell, Cynthia Pickering and Keith Wescourt, FMC Corporation
A Knowledge-Based Framework for Design / 856
Sanjay Mittal and Agustin Araya, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
Knowledge Engineering Issues in VLSI Synthesis / 866
W. H. Wolf, T. J. Kowalski, M. C. McFarland, S. J. , AT&T Bell Laboratories
Artificial Intelligence and Design: A Mechanical Engineering View / 872
John R. Dixon, University of Massachusetts
Integration of Multiple Knowledge Sources in ALADIN: An Alloy Design System / 878
M. D. Rychener, I. Hulthage, and Mark S. Fox, Carnegie Mellon University; and M. Farinacci, ALCOA Laboratories
Automated Reasoning
Generating Tests by Exploiting Designed Behavior / 884
Mark Harper Shirley, MIT AI Laboratory
Evidential Reasoning with Temporal Aspects / 891
Thomas C. Fall, Advanced Decision Systems
A Framework for Evidential-Reasoning Systems / 896
John D. Lowrance, Thomas D. Garvey and Thomas M. Strat, SRI International
PROTEAN: Deriving Protein Structure from Constraints / 904
Barbara Hayes-Roth, Bruce Buchanan, Olivier Lichtarge, Mike Hewtt, Russ Altman, James Brinkley, Craig Cornelius, Bruce Duncan and Oleg Jardetzky, Stanford University
Back to Backtracking: Controlling the ATMS / 910
Johan de Kleer, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, and Brian C. Williams, MIT AI Laboratory
Knowledge-Based Validity Maintenance for Production Systems / 918
Philip R. Schaefer, Martin Marietta Denver Aerospace; Isil H. Bozma, Yale University; and Randall D. Beer, Case Western Reserve University
A Parallel Self-Modifying Default Reasoning System / 923
Jack Minker, Donald Perlis and Krishnan Subramanian, University of Maryland
Towards Explicit Integration of Knowledge in Expert Systems: An Analysis of MYClN’s Therapy Selection Algorithm / 928
Jack Mostow, Rutgers University, and William Swartout, University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute
The Shifting Terminological Space: An Impediment to Evolvability / 936
William Swartout and Robert Neches. University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute
Using Qualitative Reasoning to Understand Financial Arithmetic / 942
Chidanand Apte and Se June Hong, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center
Knowledge Acquisition
MOLE: A Knowledge Acquisition Tool that Uses its Head / 950
Larry Eshelman and John McDermott, Carnegie Mellon University
Problem Features that Influence the Design of Expert Systems / 956
Paul J. Kline and Steven B. Dolins, Texas Instruments, Inc.
Knowledge Level Engineering: Ontological Analysis / 963
James H. Alexander, Michael J. Freiling, Sheryl J. Shulman, Jeffery L. Staley, Steven Rehfuss and Steven L. Messick, Tektronix Laboratories
Framework for Prototyping Expert Systems for Financial Applications / 969
Jacob Y. Friedman and Atul Jain, Coopers and Lybrand
Knowledge Representation
Recent Developments in NIKL / 978
Thomas S. Kaczmarek, Raymond Bates and Gabriel Robins, University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute
A Hybrid Structured Object and Constraint Representation Language / 986
David R. Harris, Sanders Associates
A Knowledge Representation Technique for Systems Dealing with Hardware Configuration / 991
Jeff Pierick, ROLM Corporation
AGNESS: A Generalized Network-based Expert System Shell / 996
James R. Slagle, Michael R. Wick and Marius O. Poliac, University of Minnesota
SYNTEL(TM): Knowledge Programming Using Functional Representations / 1003
Rene Reboh and Tore Risch, Syntelligence, Inc.
GBB: A Generic Blackboard Development System / 1008
Daniel D. Corkill, Kevin Q. Gallagher and Kelly E. Murray, University of Massachusetts
ISCS-A Tool Kit for Constructing Knowledge-based System Configurators / 1015
Harry Wu, Hon Wai Chun and Alejandro Mimo, Honeywell Information Systems
Learning
A System Which Uses Examples to Learn VLSI Structure Manipulation / 1024
Richard H. Lathrop, MIT AI Laboratory, and Robert S. Kirk, Gould/AMI Semiconductors, Inc.
Refining the Knowledge Base of a Diagnostic Expert System: An Application of Failure-Driven Learning / 1029
Michael J. Pazzani, The Aerospace Corporation
Learning Arithmetic Problem Solver / 1036
Masamichi Shimura and Seiichiro Sakurai, Tokyo Institute of Technology
The Multi-Purpose Incremental Learning System AQ15 and Its Testing Application to Three Medical Domains / 1041
Ryszard Michalski, Igor Mozetic, Jiarong Hong and Nada Lavrac, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Natural Language
Restricting Logic Grammars / 1048
Edward P. Stabler, Jr., Quintus Computer Systems
A Parser for Portable NL Interfaces Using Graph-Unification-Based Grammars / 1053
Kent Wittenburg, MCC
A Chinese Natural Language Processing System Based Upon the Theory of Empty Categories / 1059
Long-Ji Lin and Lin-Shan Lee, National Taiwan University; James Huang, Cornell University; and K. J. Chen, Academia Sinica
Adapting MUMBLE: Experience with Natural Language Generation / 1063
Robert Rubinoff, University of Pennsylvania
Generating Medical Case Reports with the Linguistic String Parser / 1069
Ping-Yang Li, University of Alabama; Martha Evens, Illinois Institute of Technology; and Daniel Hier, Michael Reese Hospital
A Relational Representation of Modification / 1074
Samuel Bayer, The MITRE Corporation
Categorical Disambiguation / 1079
Gavan Duffy, University of Texas at Austin
Focusing and Reference Resolution in PUNDIT / 1083
Deborah A. Dahl, SDC--A Burroughs Company
ATRANS Automatic Processing of Money Transfer Messages / 1089
Steven L. Lytinen and Anatole Gershman, Cognitive Systems, Inc.
Robotics
A Mobile Robot with Onboard Parallel Processor and Large Workspace Arm / 1096
Rodney A. Brooks, Jon Connell and Anita Flynn, MIT AI Laboratory
Robot Navigation in Unknown Terrains of Convex Polygonal Obstacles Using Learned Visibility Graphs / 1101
B. John Oommen, Carleton University; S. S. Iyengar and Nageswara S. V. Rao, Louisiana State University; and R. L. Kashyap, Purdue University
Planning Sensorless Robot Manipulation of Sliding Objects / 1107
M. A. Peshkin and A. C. Sanderson, Carnegie Mellon University
And/Or Graph Representation of Assembly Plans / 1113
Luiz S. Homem de Mello and Arthur C. Sanderson, Carnegie Mellon University
Vision and Signal Understanding
Noise-Tolerant Range Analysis for Autonomous Navigation / 1122
Aviv Bergman and Cregg K. Cowan, SRI International
A Real-Time Road Following and Road Junction Detection Vision System for Autonomous Vehicles / 1127
Darwin Kuan, Gary Phipps, A-Chuan Hsueh, FMC Corporation
Object Recognition in Structured and Random Environments: Locating Address Blocks on Mail Pieces / 1133
Ching-Huei Wang and Sargur N. Srihari, SUNY Buffalo
A Signal-Symbol Approach to Change Detection / 1138
B. G. Lee, V. T. Tom and M. J. Carlotto, The Analytic Sciences Corporation
Invited Talks
Survey: On Default Reasoning / 1146
Raymond Reiter, University of Toronto
Survey: Natural Language Communication With Software Systems / 1146
Barbara J. Grosz and C. Ray Perrault, SRI International and Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University
Survey: An Overview of Explanation-Based Learning / 1146
Gerald DeJong, University of Illinois, Urbana
Survey: Qualitative Reasoning: Past Present and Future / 1146
Kenneth D. Forbus, University of Illinois
Invited Talk: Viewing History of Science as Compiled Hindsight / 1146
Lindley Darden, University of Maryland
Invited Talk: The State-of-the-Art in Robotics and Vision / 1148
Tomas Lozano-Perez, MIT AI Laboratory
Invited Talk: Integrated Programming Paradigms / 1148
Daniel Bobrow, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
Invited Talk: What’s Practical When in Natural Language Applications / 1148
Gary G. Hendrix, Symantec, Inc.
Invited Talk: What’s Doable in Knowledge-Based Systems? / 1148
Bruce Buchanan, Stanford University
Invited Talk: Symbolic Computing--Where We Are and Where Are We Going? / 1148
Howard Schrobe, Symbolics, Inc.
Panels
Learning in Massively Parallel Nets / 1149
Commentators: Drew McDermott, Yale University; Geoffrey Hinton, Carnegie Mellon University
President’s Panel: Past Present and Future Presidents Look at the Past Present and Future / 1150
Patrick Winston (chair), MIT AI Laboratory
Panel: Are AI Systems Ready to Be Trusted in Critical Applications? (Will They Ever Be?) / 1150
Peter Friedland (chair), Stanford University, Brian McCune, Advanced Decision Systems, Edward Shortliffe, Stanford University
Panel: AI and Education / 1150
Elliot Soloway (chair), Yale University; John Seely Brown, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center; Andy Molner, NSF; Lauren Resnick, The Learning Research Development Center; Roger Schank, Yale University
Panel: Directions for Expert Systems / 1150
Jan Aikins (chair), Aion Corporation; Frederick Hayes-Roth, Teknowledge; John McDermott, Carnegie Mellon University; Herbert Schorr, IBM; Reid Smith, Schlumberger Doll Research
Panel: Real-Time Performance in Problem Solving / 1150
Michael Fehling (chair), Teknowledge; Malcolm Acock, Carnegie Group; James Allen, University of Rochester; Michael Gieorgeff, SRI International and CSLI; Victor Lesser, University of Massachusetts; Robert Moore, LMI, Inc.
Panel: Financial Expert Systems / 1150
Peter E. Hart (chair), Syntelligence, Inc.; Norton Greenfeld, Applied Expert Systems; Walter Reitman, Palladian Software; Chuck Williams, Inference Corporation
Panel: Where Should the Intelligence in Intelligent Interfaces be Placed? / 1151
Tom Kaczmarek (chair), and Robert Neches, University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute; John Seely Brown, Xerox PARC; Phil Hayes, Carnegie Mellon University; Tom Malone, MIT; Dick Waters, MIT; Bob Wilensky, University of California, Berkeley; Mike Williams, IntelliCorp
Panel: Knowledge Representation Meets Knowledge Acquisition: What Are the Needs and Where Is the Leverage? / 1153
Robert Neches (chair), University of Southern California / Information Sciences Institute; Richard Fikes, IntelliCorp; Casimir Kulikowski, Rutgers University; John McDermott, Carnegie Mellon University; Ramesh Patil, MIT